Netherlands

Legaleffective

Psilocybin is legal in the Netherlands as of 17 Aug 2026. Truffles only; mushrooms prohibited since 2008.1

1. What the law is

Key legislation

Opium Act (Opiumwet): psilocin and psilocybin on List I; hallucinogenic mushrooms added to List II by decree Staatsblad 2008, 486, effective December 1, 2008. Sclerotia (truffles) are not listed and remain lawful products.1

Same organism, two legal fates. The mushroom was banned in December 2008 by an Opium Act amendment that reaches the fruiting body; the sclerotium, sold as a truffle, was never written into the Act at all. Truffles are therefore lawful by omission rather than by exemption, and Dutch smart shops sell them openly under ordinary retail and food-safety rules, not under a drug license.

2. Pending legislation

No bill is on file in the Netherlands that would change this record, as of the 17 Aug 2026 review.

3. History

The laws behind today’s status, when each took effect, and every review since, in order.

  1. Legal status takes effect.

  2. The Netherlands entry now points at the Dutch legal texts themselves, after the government link it had been citing stopped working. Truffles are unaffected, and a viral claim about a January 2026 mushroom fine was checked and found to be false.

    The Netherlands entry was checked again against a newer version of the Opium Act. Mushrooms are still banned and truffles still are not in the Act at all, which is why they remain lawful. Two amendments this year touched other articles.

    The Netherlands entry no longer says truffles are sold in licensed smart shops or that they were explicitly excluded from the 2008 ban. The Opium Act contains no smart-shop licence and never mentions truffles at all, so they fall outside it rather than being carved out of it.

4. Trials in the Netherlands

Interventional psilocybin trials with at least one study site in the Netherlands, drawn from ClinicalTrials.gov, EU CTIS, and ISRCTN. Registry data is reported by sponsors and shown as filed.

0Recruiting
6Active
2Completed
0Closed
8Total

Recruiting, active, completed and closed add up to the 8 trials with a study site in the Netherlands, as of Aug 2026. Closed covers trials terminated, suspended, withdrawn or left unverified.

From ClinicalTrials.gov, EU CTIS, and ISRCTN, as of Aug 2026. Showing all 8 trials with a study site in the Netherlands, recruiting trials first. This site makes no medical claims about psilocybin.
2024-516936-93-02 (opens in new tab)Soothing Pain After ChEmotherapy: Psilocybin As INtervention (SPACE-PAIN); a randomized controlled pilot trial (opens in new tab)Phase Not statedSponsor Amsterdam UMCStatus Not statedStarted
NCT06782724 (opens in new tab)Psilocybin Therapy for Psychological Distress in Palliative Patients (opens in new tab)Recruiting at University Medical Center Groningen, GroningenPhase Phase 2Sponsor University Medical Center GroningenStatus Not statedStarted
NCT06368492 (opens in new tab)The Impact of Psilocybin on Pain in Fibromyalgia Patients (opens in new tab)Recruiting in Leiden and MaastrichtPhase Not applicableSponsor Maastricht UniversityStatus Not statedStarted
2023-505268-12-00 (opens in new tab)A Phase III, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled study to investigate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of two initial administrations of COMP360 in participants with treatment-resistant depression (opens in new tab)Phase Not statedSponsor Compass Pathfinder LimitedStatus Not statedStarted
NCT05711940 (opens in new tab)Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Two Administrations of COMP360 in Participants With TRD (opens in new tab)Sites in Groningen, Leiden, UtrechtPhase Phase 3Sponsor COMPASS PathwaysStatus Active, not recruitingStarted
NCT04519957 (opens in new tab)Long Term Follow Up Study to COMP 001 And COMP 003 Trials (P-TRD LTFU) (opens in new tab)Site at Groningen University Medical Centre, GroningenPhase Not statedSponsor COMPASS PathwaysStatus CompletedStarted
NCT03775200 (opens in new tab)The Safety and Efficacy of Psilocybin in Participants With Treatment Resistant Depression (opens in new tab)Sites in Groningen, Leiden, UtrechtPhase Phase 2Sponsor COMPASS PathwaysStatus CompletedStarted
2025-521488-11-00 (opens in new tab)Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Veterans: A Pilot Feasibility Study (opens in new tab)Phase Not statedSponsor ARQ National Psychotrauma CentrumStatus Not statedStarted Not stated

ClinicalTrials.gov data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

5. Common questions

Are magic mushrooms ("shrooms") legal in the Netherlands?

"Magic mushrooms" and "shrooms" are common names for fungi that contain psilocybin. Psilocybin is legal in the Netherlands as of 17 Aug 2026. Truffles only; mushrooms prohibited since 2008. Some laws control the compound and the fungus separately, so this record states the position for psilocybin in the Netherlands.

Sources and confidence

Every status line is checked against the primary sources below. How each record is graded for confidence is set out in the methodology.

  1. 1.Government of the Netherlands.Government of the Netherlands (opens in new tab) · wetten.overheid.nl
  2. 2.zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl (opens in new tab) · zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl

Cited at the review

This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws change frequently, and enforcement practice can differ from the letter of the law. Verify current status with local authorities before relying on this record.

Changes to this record

Every change we have made to this record, dated, corrections included. Nothing changes silently.

  1. Correction

    The Netherlands entry no longer says truffles are sold in licensed smart shops or that they were explicitly excluded from the 2008 ban. The Opium Act contains no smart-shop licence and never mentions truffles at all, so they fall outside it rather than being carved out of it.

  2. Review confirmed

    The Netherlands entry was checked again against a newer version of the Opium Act. Mushrooms are still banned and truffles still are not in the Act at all, which is why they remain lawful. Two amendments this year touched other articles.

  3. Review confirmed

    The Netherlands entry now points at the Dutch legal texts themselves, after the government link it had been citing stopped working. Truffles are unaffected, and a viral claim about a January 2026 mushroom fine was checked and found to be false.

Cite this recordNL-001

Netherlands: psilocybin legal status. The Psilocybin Record. Accession NL-001. Status as of 17 Aug 2026. https://psilocybinlegalization.com/record/netherlands

Record 60 of 100 · Last reviewed NL-001

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